What physiological effect may occur due to nitrogen under pressure?

Nitrogen narcosis is a physiological effect that can occur when a diver is exposed to increased levels of nitrogen under pressure. As a diver descends, the pressure surrounding them increases, which causes nitrogen — a major component of the breathing gas — to have a more profound effect on the body. Under these high-pressure conditions, nitrogen can dissolve into the body's tissues and fluids more significantly.

At depths typically greater than 30 meters (approximately 100 feet), this excess nitrogen can impair cognitive functions, leading to symptoms similar to those of intoxication. Divers may experience a feeling of euphoria, decreased motor coordination, impaired judgment, and a loss of situational awareness. This condition is known as nitrogen narcosis or "the rapture of the deep," and it can pose significant risks if a diver does not recognize these symptoms and make safe diving decisions.

This understanding of nitrogen narcosis is crucial for divers as they prepare for deeper dives and learn about the potential risks associated with high-pressure environments. Managing these risks is part of safe diving practices that divers must learn and follow to ensure their safety underwater.